Referências Bibliográficas
Eficiência em corridas de velocidade ou longa duração
Muniesa CA, González-Freire M, Santiago C, Lao JI, Buxens A, Rubio JC, Martín MA, Arenas J, Gomez-Gallego F, Lucia A. World-class performance in lightweight rowing: is it genetically influenced? A comparison with cyclists, runners and non-athletes. Br J Sports Med. 2010 Sep;44(12):898-901.doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.051680. PubMed PMID: 18801770.
Baumert P, Lake MJ, Stewart CE, Drust B, Erskine RM. Genetic variation and exercise-induced muscle damage: implications for athletic performance, injury and ageing. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Sep;116(9):1595-625. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3411-1. Review. PubMed PMID: 27294501; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4983298.
Gonzalez-Freire M, Santiago C, Verde Z, Lao JI, Oiivan J, Gómez-Gallego F, Lucia A. Unique among unique. Is it genetically determined? Br J Sports Med. 2009 Apr;43(4):307-9. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.049809. PubMed PMID: 18662936.
Woods D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, renin-angiotensin system and human performance. Med Sport Sci. 2009;54:72-87. doi: 10.1159/000235697. Review. PubMed PMID: 19696508.
Gineviciene V, Jakaitiene A, Aksenov MO, Aksenova AV, Druzhevskaya AM, Astratenkova IV, Egorova ES, Gabdrakhmanova LJ, Tubelis L, Kucinskas V, Utkus A. Association analysis of ACE, ACTN3 and PPARGC1A gene polymorphisms in two cohorts of European strength and power athletes. BiolSport. 2016 Sep;33(3):199-206. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1201051. PubMed PMID: 27601773; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4993134.
Hruskovicová H, Dzurenková D, Selingerová M, Bohus B, Timkanicová B, Kovács L. The angiotensin converting enzyme I/D polymorphism in long distance runners. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Sep;46(3):509-13. PubMed PMID: 16998460.
Ahmetov II, Fedotovskaya ON. Current Progress in Sports Genomics. Adv Clin Chem. 2015;70:247-314. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2015.03.003. Review. PubMed PMID: 26231489.
Papadimitriou ID, Lucia A, Pitsiladis YP, Pushkarev VP, Dyatlov DA, Orekhov EF, Artioli GG, Guilherme JP, Lancha AH Jr, Ginevičienė V, Cieszczyk P, Maciejewska-Karlowska A, Sawczuk M, Muniesa CA, Kouvatsi A, Massidda M, Calò CM, Garton F, Houweling PJ, Wang G, Austin K, Druzhevskaya AM, Astratenkova IV, Ahmetov II, Bishop DJ, North KN, Eynon N. ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D gene variants influence performance in elite sprinters: a multi-cohort study. BMC Genomics. 2016 Apr 13;17:285. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2462-3. PubMed PMID: 27075997; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4831144.
Composição muscular
Ahmetov II, Fedotovskaya ON. Current Progress in Sports Genomics. Adv Clin Chem. 2015;70:247-314. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2015.03.003. Review. PubMed PMID: 26231489.
Papadimitriou ID, Lucia A, Pitsiladis YP, Pushkarev VP, Dyatlov DA, Orekhov EF, Artioli GG, Guilherme JP, Lancha AH Jr, Ginevičienė V, Cieszczyk P, Maciejewska-Karlowska A, Sawczuk M, Muniesa CA, Kouvatsi A, Massidda M, Calò CM, Garton F, Houweling PJ, Wang G, Austin K, Druzhevskaya AM, Astratenkova IV, Ahmetov II, Bishop DJ, North KN, Eynon N. ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D gene variants influence performance in elite sprinters: a multi-cohort study. BMC Genomics. 2016 Apr 13;17:285. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2462-3. PubMed PMID: 27075997; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4831144.
D.E. Charbonneau, E.D. Hanson, A.T. Ludlow, M.J. Delmonico, B.F. Hurley, S.M. Roth, ACE genotype and the muscle hypertrophic and strength responses to strength training, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 40 (2008) 677–683. B. Zhang, H. Tanaka, N. Shono, S. Miura, A. Kiyonaga, M. Shindo, K. Saku, The I allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is associated with an increased percentage of slow-twitch type I fibers in human skeletal muscle, Clin. Genet. 63 (2003) 139–144. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/human-anatomy-and-physiology/introduction-to-muscles/v/type-1-and-2-muscle-fibers – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CAOfYWKsik
Performance nos exercícios em baixas concentrações de oxigênio
Wang Y, Lu H, Chen Y, Luo Y. The association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphisms with adaptation to high altitude: A meta-analysis. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2016 Mar 23;17(1):1470320315627410. doi: 10.1177/1470320315627410. PubMed PMID: 27009284.
Pasqua LA, Bueno S, Artioli GG, Lancha AH Jr, Matsuda M, Marquezini MV, Lima-Silva AE, Saldiva PH, Bertuzzi R. Influence of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on ventilatory thresholds related to endurance performance. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(2):163-70. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1040823. PubMed PMID: 25939605.
Hennis PJ, O’Doherty AF, Levett DZ, Grocott MP, Montgomery HM. Genetic factors associated with exercise performance in atmospheric hypoxia. Sports Med. 2015 May;45(5):745-61. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0309-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 25682119; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4544548.
Resistência ao frio e a escassez de alimento
Friedlander SM, Herrmann AL, Lowry DP, Mepham ER, Lek M, North KN, Organ CL. ACTN3 allele frequency in humans covaries with global latitudinal gradient. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e52282. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052282. PubMed PMID: 23359641; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3554748.
Head SI, Chan S, Houweling PJ, Quinlan KG, Murphy R, Wagner S, Friedrich O, North KN. Altered Ca2+ kinetics associated with α-actinin-3 deficiency may explain positive selection for ACTN3 null allele in human evolution. PLoS Genet. 2015 Jan 15;11(2):e1004862. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004862. Erratum in: PLoS Genet. 2015 Jun;11(6):e1005312. PubMed PMID: 25590636; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4295894.
Ivarsson N, Westerblad H. α-Actinin-3: why gene loss is an evolutionary gain. PLoS Genet. 2015 Jan 15;11(1):e1004908. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004908. PubMed PMID: 25590140; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4295838.
Capacidade de ganho muscular (hipertrofia)
Folland J, Leach B, Little T, Hawker K, Myerson S, Montgomery H, Jones D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype affects the response of human skeletal muscle to functional overload. Exp Physiol. 2000 Sep;85(5):575-9. PubMed PMID: 11038409.
Ahmetov II, Druzhevskaya AM, Lyubaeva EV, Popov DV, Vinogradova OL, Williams AG. The dependence of preferred competitive racing distance on muscle fibre type composition and ACTN3 genotype in speed skaters. Exp Physiol. 2011 Dec;96(12):1302-10. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.060293. PubMed PMID: 21930675.
Vincent B, De Bock K, Ramaekers M, Van den Eede E, Van Leemputte M, Hespel P, Thomis MA. ACTN3 (R577X) genotype is associated with fiber type distribution. Physiol Genomics. 2007 Dec 19;32(1):58-63. PubMed PMID: 17848603.
Gineviciene V, Jakaitiene A, Aksenov MO, Aksenova AV, Druzhevskaya AM, Astratenkova IV, Egorova ES, Gabdrakhmanova LJ, Tubelis L, Kucinskas V, Utkus A. Association analysis of ACE, ACTN3 and PPARGC1A gene polymorphisms in two cohorts of European strength and power athletes. Biol Sport. 2016 Sep;33(3):199-206. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1201051. PubMed PMID: 27601773; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4993134.
Kim JH, Jung ES, Kim CH, Youn H, Kim HR. Genetic associations of body composition, flexibility and injury risk with ACE, ACTN3 and COL5A1 polymorphisms in Korean ballerinas. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem. 2014 Jun;18(2):205-14. doi: 10.5717/jenb.2014.18.2.205. PubMed PMID: 25566457; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4241924.
Chiu LL, Chen TW, Hsieh SS, Hsieh LL. ACE I/D, ACTN3 R577X, PPARD T294C and PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphisms and physical fitness in Taiwanese late adolescent girls. J Physiol Sci. 2012 Mar;62(2):115-21. doi: 10.1007/s12576-011-0189-0. PubMed PMID: 22247001.
Jones A, Woods DR. Skeletal muscle RAS and exercise performance. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2003 Jun;35(6):855-66. Review. PubMed PMID: 12676172.
Metabolismo dos carboidratos
Bonnet F, Patel S, Laville M, Balkau B, Favuzzi A, Monti LD, Lalic N, Walker M; European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Study Group.. Influence of the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism on insulin sensitivity and impaired glucose tolerance in healthy subjects. Diabetes Care. 2008 Apr;31(4):789-94. doi: 10.2337/dc07-1788. PubMed PMID: 18235053.
Molnár GA, Wagner Z, Wagner L, Melegh B, Kószegi T, Degrell P, Bene J, Tamaskó M, Laczy B, Nagy J, Wittmann I. [Effect of ACE gene polymorphism on carbohydrate metabolism, on oxidative stress and on end-organ damage in type-2 diabetes mellitus]. Orv Hetil. 2004 Apr 18;145(16):855-9. Hungarian. PubMed PMID: 15156690.
Dengel DR, Brown MD, Ferrell RE, Reynolds TH 4th, Supiano MA. Exercise-induced changes in insulin action are associated with ACE gene polymorphisms in older adults. Physiol Genomics. 2002 Oct 29;11(2):73-80. PubMed PMID: 12388790.
Sagnella GA, Rothwell MJ, Onipinla AK, Wicks PD, Cook DG, Cappuccio FP. A population study of ethnic variations in the angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism: relationships with gender, hypertension and impaired glucose metabolism. J Hypertens. 1999 May;17(5):657-64. PubMed PMID: 10403609.
Cong ND, Hamaguchi K, Saikawa T, Hara M, Sakata T. The I/D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene but not the angiotensinogen gene is associated with insulin response to oral glucose in Japanese. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999 Jan;220(1):46-51. PubMed PMID: 9893168.
Zingone A, Dominijanni A, Mele E, Marasco O, Melina F, Minchella P, Quaresima B, Tiano MT, Gnasso A, Pujia A, et al. Deletion polymorphism in the gene for angiotensin converting enzyme is associated with elevated fasting blood glucose levels. Hum Genet. 1994 Aug;94(2):207-9. PubMed PMID: 8045571.
Susceptibilidade ao sobrepeso e obesidade
Mao S, Huang S. A meta-analysis of the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/ deletion gene polymorphism and the risk of overweight/obesity. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2015 Sep;16(3):687-94. doi: 10.1177/1470320313501218. PubMed PMID: 24150609.
Ponsonby AL, Blizzard L, Pezic A, Cochrane JA, Ellis JA, Morley R, Dickinson JL, Sale MM, Richards SM, Dwyer T. Adiposity gain during childhood, ACE I/D polymorphisms and metabolic outcomes. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008 Sep;16(9):2141-7. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.302. PubMed PMID: 18551123.
Shunmugam V, Say YH. Evaluation of Association of ADRA2A rs553668 and ACE I/D Gene Polymorphisms with Obesity Traits in the Setapak Population, Malaysia. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016 Feb 13;18(2):e22452. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.22452. PubMed PMID: 27186390; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4867174.
Kourlaba G, Pitsiladis YP, Lagou V, Grammatikaki E, Moran CN, Kondaki K, Roma-Giannikou E, Manios Y. Interaction effects between total energy and macronutrient intakes and angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE) I/D polymorphism on adiposity-related phenotypes in toddlers and preschoolers: the Growth, Exercise and Nutrition Epidemiological Study in preSchoolers: the GENESIS study. [corrected]. Br J Nutr. 2008 Dec;100(6):1333-40. doi: 10.1017/S0007114508988759. Erratum in: Br J Nutr. 2009 Mar;101(5):774. PubMed PMID: 18479585.
Pan YH, Wang M, Huang YM, Wang YH, Chen YL, Geng LJ, Zhang XX, Zhao HL. ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Obesity in 1,574 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:7420540. doi: 10.1155/2016/7420540. PubMed PMID: 28115791; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5220452.
Singh M, Singh AK, Singh S, Pandey P, Chandra S, Gambhir IS. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism increases the susceptibility to hypertension and additive diseases: A study on North Indian patients. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2016;38(3):305-11. doi: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1107085. PubMed PMID: 27030424.
Akin F, Turgut S, Bastemir M, Turgut G, Kursunluoglu R, Karasu U, Guclu A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in overweight and obese Turkish patients with insulin resistance. DNA Cell Biol. 2010 Apr;29(4):207-12. doi: 10.1089/dna.2009.0934. PubMed PMID: 20070157.
Nível de testosterona pós exercício
Pimenta EM, Coelho DB, Cruz IR, Morandi RF, Veneroso CE, de Azambuja Pussieldi G, Carvalho MR, Silami-Garcia E, De Paz Fernández JA. The ACTN3 genotype in soccer players in response to acute eccentric training. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012 Apr;112(4):1495-503. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-2109-7. PubMed PMID: 21842214.
Ahmetov II, Donnikov AE, Trofimov DY. Actn3 genotype is associated with testosterone levels of athletes. Biol Sport. 2014 Jun;31(2):105-8. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1096046. PubMed PMID: 24899773; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4042656.
Nível de creatina quinase muscular-esquelética (mm) pós exercício
Yamin C, Amir O, Sagiv M, Attias E, Meckel Y, Eynon N, Sagiv M, Amir RE. ACE ID genotype affects blood creatine kinase response to eccentric exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Dec;103(6):2057-61. PubMed PMID: 17885020.
Del Coso J, Valero M, Salinero JJ, Lara B, Díaz G, Gallo-Salazar C, Ruiz-Vicente D, Areces F, Puente C, Carril JC, Cacabelos R. ACTN3 genotype influences exercise-induced muscle damage during a marathon competition. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Mar;117(3):409-416. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3542-z. PubMed PMID: 28154975.
Del Coso J, Salinero JJ, Lara B, Gallo-Salazar C, Areces F, Puente C, Herrero D. ACTN3 X-allele carriers had greater levels of muscle damage during a half-ironman. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Jan;117(1):151-158. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3507-7. PubMed PMID: 27913923.
Baumert P, Lake MJ, Stewart CE, Drust B, Erskine RM. Genetic variation and exercise-induced muscle damage: implications for athletic performance, injury and ageing. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Sep;116(9):1595-625. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3411-1. Review. PubMed PMID: 27294501; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4983298.
Risco de rabdomiólise
Deuster PA, Contreras-Sesvold CL, O’Connor FG, Campbell WW, Kenney K, Capacchione JF, Landau ME, Muldoon SM, Rushing EJ, Heled Y. Genetic polymorphisms associated with exertional rhabdomyolysis. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013 Aug;113(8):1997-2004. doi: 10.1007/s00421-013-2622-y. PubMed PMID: 23543093.
Heled Y, Bloom MS, Wu TJ, Stephens Q, Deuster PA. CK-MM and ACE genotypes and physiological prediction of the creatine kinase response to exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Aug;103(2):504-10. PubMed PMID: 17478608.
Susceptibilidade a cãibras
Kanazawa H, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J. Effects of captopril administration on pulmonary haemodynamics and tissue oxygenation during exercise in ACE gene subtypes in patients with COPD: a preliminary study. Thorax. 2003 Jul;58(7):629-31. PubMed PMID: 12832683; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1746721.
Rankinen T, Pérusse L, Gagnon J, Chagnon YC, Leon AS, Skinner JS, Wilmore JH, Rao DC, Bouchard C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme ID polymorphism and fitness phenotype in the HERITAGE Family Study. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 Mar;88(3):1029-35. PubMed PMID: 10710400.
VO2 Max (oxigênio)
Wang Y, Lu H, Chen Y, Luo Y. The association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphisms with adaptation to high altitude: A meta-analysis. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2016 Mar 23;17(1):1470320315627410. doi: 10.1177/1470320315627410. Print 2016 Jan-Mar. PubMed PMID: 27009284.
Pasqua LA, Bueno S, Artioli GG, Lancha AH Jr, Matsuda M, Marquezini MV, Lima-Silva AE, Saldiva PH, Bertuzzi R. Influence of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on ventilatory thresholds related to endurance performance. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(2):163-70. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1040823. Epub 2015 May 5. PubMed PMID: 25939605.
Hennis PJ, O’Doherty AF, Levett DZ, Grocott MP, Montgomery HM. Genetic factors associated with exercise performance in atmospheric hypoxia. Sports Med. 2015 May;45(5):745-61. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0309-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 25682119; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4544548.
Risco de hipertensão
Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and essential hypertension in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis including 21,058 participants. Intern Med J. 2012 Apr;42(4):439-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2011.02584.x. PubMed PMID: 21883781.
Pavlyushchik O, Afonin V, Fatykhava S, Shabunya P, Sarokina V, Khapaliuk A. Macro- and Microelement Status in Animal and Human Hypertension: the Role of the ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2017 Mar 16. doi: 10.1007/s12011-017-0990-6. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28303511.
Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS, Vijayvergiya R, Singh B. Implications of ACE (I/D) Gene Variants to the Genetic Susceptibility of Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Indians. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2017 Jun;32(2):163-170. doi: 10.1007/s12291-016-0588-3. Epub 2016 Jul 13. PubMed PMID: 28428690; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5382073.
